Prevention of birth defects, from this time should start, 3 levels of prevention is very useful！

World Health:Primary preventionPrimary prevention refers to comprehensive interventions metabolic diseases list prior to conception to reduce the rate of birth defects.Measu...

Mar 16,2022 | Judith

Primary prevention

Primary prevention refers to comprehensive interventions metabolic diseases list prior to conception to reduce the rate of birth defects.

Measures include: premarital medical examination, genetic counseling, selection of the best age to have children, preconception and early pregnancy care (including folic acid supplementation, proper nutrition, infection prevention, careful use of medications, smoking cessation, alcohol consumption, and avoidance of exposure to high temperatures and toxic environments).

Premarital screening: reportable infectious diseases, including AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, etc. Serious mental illness, reproductive system abnormalities, congenital genetic diseases, blood and urine tests, etc.

Pre-pregnancy examination: blood test, urine test, blood group, liver function, kidney function, fasting blood sugar, blood lipid, screening for infectious diseases, TORCH screening, thyroid function screening, thalassemia screening, cervical cytology examination.

Gynecologic ultrasound, electrocardiogram and routine male semen examination.

Secondary prevention

Prenatal diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis during pregnancy to reduce the incidence of certain birth defects.

Tertiary prevention

Screening immediately after birth allows for early detection and control of the progression of birth defects and reduces the burden of disease.

Neonatal screening.

1. screening of newborns for congenital metabolic-related disorders (collection of plantar blood) and early educational interventions for research

2. Hearing screening of newborns to detect the degree of intervention and reduce hearing impairment early

3. early detection of deformities and defects through standard physical examination, and strive for timely surgical treatment